- AB
An antibody (AB), also known as an immunoglobin, is a protein produced by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances (called antigens). Antigens can be molecules from microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses), or chemicals (insect venom). Antibodies recognise(...)
- ACS
Sets of data from individuals in a trial are given unique codes so they can be stored and managed properly. Anonymous coding systems (ACS) use codes that do not relate to personal information that might be used to identify the individual in any way (for example, a participant's initials or(...)
- ADC
Antibody-Drug Conjugates
- Anonymous
Anonymous data has had all personal information (such as names or addresses of clinical trial participants) removed, so that people using trial data cannot identify the individuals who took part. Truly anonymised data contain no information that could reasonably be used, by anyone, to identify(...)
- Anonymous coding systems
Sets of data from individuals in a trial are given unique codes so they can be stored and managed properly. Anonymous coding systems (ACS) use codes that do not relate to personal information that might be used to identify the individual in any way (for example, a participant's initials or(...)
- Anthropology
The scientific study of the social, cultural and physical development of humans, past and present.
- Antibody
An antibody (AB), also known as an immunoglobin, is a protein produced by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances (called antigens). Antigens can be molecules from microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses), or chemicals (insect venom). Antibodies recognise(...)
- Antibody-Drug Conjugates
Antibody-Drug Conjugates
- Antigen
The part of a pathogen that stimulates a response from the immune system.
- Area Under the Curve
In the field of pharmacokinetics, the Area Under the Curve (AUC) has a specific meaning. It is the region under a plotted line in a graph of medicine concentration in blood plasma over time. Typically, the area is calculated starting from the time the medicine is administered until the time(...)
- Arm
In clinical research this refers to any of the treatment groups in a randomised trial. Many randomised trials have two ‘arms’ or groups, but some may have three or even more.
- Attrition
Attrition is the loss of participants during a clinical trial; it is also known as the 'drop-out rate'. The opposite of attrition is 'retention'.
Attrition can cause bias in study results if more participants drop out of one study arm than another, or if there is a difference between the(...)
- AUC
In the field of pharmacokinetics, the Area Under the Curve (AUC) has a specific meaning. It is the region under a plotted line in a graph of medicine concentration in blood plasma over time. Typically, the area is calculated starting from the time the medicine is administered until the time(...)
- Autologous
Autologous tissue or cells are tissue or cells derived from the same individual. For example, skin transferred from one part of the body to another is autologous tissue; in advanced therapies, stem cells are removed, stored, and later given back to the same person. Autologous transplants are(...)
