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  • PharmacoepidemiologyPharmacoepidemiology is the study of the uses and effects of medicines in large numbers of people. It provides an estimate of the probability of beneficial effects of a medicine in a population and the probability of adverse effects. It involves continual monitoring of a population for(...)
  • PharmacogeneticsPharmacogenetics is the study of individual genetic differences to understand how genes affect a person's response to medicines. Understanding how different genetics affect how a medicine is processed can help doctors to more accurately determine which medicine and which dose is best for each(...)
  • PharmacogenomicsPharmacogenomics is the study of entire genomes, across groups of individuals, to identify the genetic factors that influence responses to a medicine. Pharmacogenomics combines traditional pharmaceutical sciences, such as biochemistry, with an understanding of common DNA variations in the(...)
  • PGPharmacogenomics is the study of entire genomes, across groups of individuals, to identify the genetic factors that influence responses to a medicine. Pharmacogenomics combines traditional pharmaceutical sciences, such as biochemistry, with an understanding of common DNA variations in the(...)
  • Pharmacokinetic StudyA pharmacokinetic study is a study of how a medicine is handled by the body, usually measuring the concentration of the medicine in blood, urine, or tissues over time. Pharmacokinetic studies are used to characterise the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a compound,(...)
  • PharmacokineticsPharmacokinetics is the study of what the body does to medicine. It studies the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the medicine (ADME), as well as bioavailability.These pharmacokinetic processes, often referred to as ADME, determine concentration of the medicine in the(...)
  • PKPharmacokinetics is the study of what the body does to medicine. It studies the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the medicine (ADME), as well as bioavailability.These pharmacokinetic processes, often referred to as ADME, determine concentration of the medicine in the(...)
  • PharmacologistA pharmacologist investigates how medicines interact with biological systems, using in vitro (cells or animal tissues) or in vivo (live animals) research to predict what effect the medicine might have in humans. Pharmacologists aim to understand how medicines work and if they can be used(...)
  • PharmacologyPharmacology is the study of medicines, including their characteristics, interactions, and uses, and the biochemical or physiological effect they have on the cell, tissue, organ, or organism.
  • PharmacopoeiaA pharmacopoeia is a collection of official standards for pharmaceutical substances and medicinal products. It includes directions for the quality control tests to be carried out on medicines and the raw materials used in production. It is a vital reference for individuals and organisations(...)

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