Number-needed-to-treatThe number-needed-to-treat (NNT) is a measure used to describe the effectiveness of an intervention, such as treatment with a medicine.The NNT is the number of participants who will need to be treated in order for one person to recover, or show symptom reduction, or whatever outcome is being(...)
NNTThe number-needed-to-treat (NNT) is a measure used to describe the effectiveness of an intervention, such as treatment with a medicine.The NNT is the number of participants who will need to be treated in order for one person to recover, or show symptom reduction, or whatever outcome is being(...)
Observational StudyIn epidemiology and statistics, an observational study draws conclusions about the possible effect of a treatment on participants, where the assignment of participants into a treatment group versus a control group is outside the control of the investigator.However, in some cases observational(...)
Observer BiasObserver bias (also called ascertainment or detection bias) is caused when the actions of an investigator affect the results of a trial. Observer bias can be unintentional and could arise from the investigator's hopes or expectations of the trial. It is most likely to occur when: the(...)
Observer-reported outcomeA measurement based on an observation by someone other than the patient or a health professional such as a parent, or other non-clinical caregiver who regularly observes the patient in daily life and is in a position to report on a specific aspect of the patient’s health.This type of measure(...)
ObsROA measurement based on an observation by someone other than the patient or a health professional such as a parent, or other non-clinical caregiver who regularly observes the patient in daily life and is in a position to report on a specific aspect of the patient’s health.This type of measure(...)
Off label useOff-label use refers to situations where a medicinal product is intentionally used for a medical purpose other than what is stated in the authorised product information, i.e. the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC).Examples of off-label use include non-authorised: indication, age(...)
