UtilityUtility, or usefulness, is the (perceived) ability of something to satisfy needs or wants. In health economics, utilities measure the strength of patient preferences. For example, how important various factors are to patients, such as symptoms, pain, and psychological health. The impact of new(...)
VaccineVaccines are biological preparations developed from modified versions of the micro-organisms that cause a disease. Vaccines improve or convey immunity to particular diseases, usually in an effort to prevent or cure disease.
ValidityScientific validity refers to how well a measurement, test or study measures what it is intended to measure.
VVKTLithuanian National Competent Authority.http://www.vvkt.lt/"
VectorIn gene therapy, a vector is a method of delivering DNA into patients' cells. A common vector used in gene therapy is the adenovirus. A gene therapy vector must be customised to attempt treatment of a particular disorder. To be successful, a vector must target the right cells, the gene it is(...)
Vulnerable participants or populationsVulnerable participants or populations are individuals or groups of individuals who are unable to give informed consent to take part in a clinical trial, such as children or people affected by mental health conditions, or who may come under pressure from others to take part. It also includes(...)
Wash out periodIn a clinical trial, this refers to a break in ongoing treatment. It is quite often used in crossover trials where a set period is defined before switching to a new medicine. In this period the levels of the previous medicine in the body and the effects should be reduced to zero.
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