National Institutes of Health [NIH]

Stratified and personalised medicine involves tailoring treatments towards a specific group of patients or to individuals.

A medicine is commonly defined as a drug or preparation that can treat or prevent disease. Medicines must be delivered into the body, where they are then distributed to the organs that need them before being broken down and excreted.

Gene therapy is a way of restoring the function in cells where genes are missing or not working properly. It is a highly experimental technique, but has shown promise in clinical trials for some diseases.

Careful consideration of various factors is necessary before progressing from non-clinical to clinical studies and setting the first-in-human dose.

Compensation in clinical trials is not always a standard but may be offered to participants according to different models and in line with the respective legislation and regulations.